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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study population in the CREDENCE derivation cohort

From: A validated multivariable machine learning model to predict cardio-kidney risk in diabetic kidney disease

Variable

With primary endpoint (N = 187)

Without primary endpoint (N = 484)

P

Age, years, mean (SD)

61.9 (8.7)

64.0 (8.8)

0.006

Male sex, n (%)

118/187 (63.1%)

347/484 (71.7%)

0.03

White race, n (%)

121/187 (64.7%)

353/484 (72.9%)

0.04

Black race, n (%)

12/187 (6.4%)

34/484 (7%)

0.87

eGFR, mL/min/1.73m2 mean (SD)

49.4 (18.1)

58.0 (17.7)

 < 0.001

BMI, Kg/m2 mean (SD)

30.8 (6.1)

32.6 (6.4)

 < 0.001

Systolic blood pressure, mmHg (SD)

143.7 (16.3)

139.8 (15.7)

0.006

HbA1c, %, mean (SD)

8.3 (1.3)

8.0 (1.2)

0.009

UACR mg/g, median (Q1, Q3)

1867 (1070, 3003)

740 (431, 1467)

0.001

Duration of diabetes, years, mean (SD)

15.7 (7.6)

16 (8.5)

0.67

History of heart failure, n (%)

33/187 (17.6%)

57/484 (11.8%)

0.06

Diuretic use, n (%)

92/187 (49.2%)

249/484 (51.4%)

0.61

NT-proBNP, ng/L, median (Q1, Q3)

380 (163, 975)

175 (81, 396)

0.001

hs-cTnT, ng/L, median (Q1, Q3)

27.8 (17.7, 42.9)

18.5 (12.2, 26.7)

0.001

IGFBP7, ng/mL, median (Q1, Q3)

140.7 (123.4, 161.1)

119.4 (104.4, 137.1)

 < 0.001

GDF-15, ng/L, median (Q1, Q3)

3269 (2340, 4929.5)

2455.5 (1839.8, 3420.8)

 < 0.001

IGFBP1, ng/mL, median (Q1, Q3)

105 (72.6, 141.6)

99.3 (75.8, 131.6)

0.43

IGFBP3, ng/mL, median (Q1, Q3)

3182 (2464, 4035)

3085 (2430, 4003)

0.59

sFLT-1, ng/mL, median (Q1, Q3)

99.6 (88.3, 110.6)

93 (85.6, 103.5)

 < 0.001

VEGFA, pg/mL, median (Q1, Q3)

64.5 (46, 114)

61.6 (41, 100.1)

0.19

Angiopoietin-2, ng/mL, median (Q1, Q3)

2.2 (1.6, 3.1)

1.8 (1.4, 2.5)

 < 0.001

PlGF, ng/mL, median (Q1, Q3)

19.0 (15.8, 21.9)

16.5 (14, 19.5)

 < 0.001

  1. SD standard deviation; eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate; mL milliliters; min minute; m2: squared meters; BMI body-mass index; Kg kilogram; mmHg millimeters of mercury; HBA1c hemoglobin A1c; UACR urinary albumin-creatinine ratio; mg/g milligrams per gram; Q quartile; NT-proBNP N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide; hs-cTnT: high sensitivity cardiac troponin T; IGFBP7: insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7; GDF-15: growth differentiation factor 15; IGFBP1: insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1; IGFBP3 insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3; sFLT-1 soluble FMS-like tyrosine kinase-1; VEGFA vascular endothelial growth factor-A; PlGF placental growth factor