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Table 2 Cardiac PET/CT and echocardiography measurements

From: Sex differences in myocardial flow reserve among individuals with type 2 diabetes: insights from the DiaHeart study

 

Overall, N = 901

Men, N = 635

Women, N = 266

P-value

MFR

2.55 ± 0.73

2.59 ± 0.77

2.44 ± 0.61

0.003

MFR < 2, n (%)

197 (21.9)

134 (21.1)

63 (23.7)

0.40

MFR < 1.7, n (%)

93 (10.3)

69 (10.9)

24 (9.0)

0.40

RPP corrected MFR

2.74 ± 0.81

2.76 ± 0.87

2.69 ± 0.67

0.30

MBF rest ml/min/g

1.21 ± 0.34

1.12 ± 0.31

1.42 ± 0.32

< 0.001

RPP corrected MBF rest ml/min/g

1.11 ± 0.28

1.04 ± 0.24

1.28 ± 0.28

< 0.001

MBF stress ml/min/g

2.92 ± 0.72

2.76 ± 0.70

3.30 ± 0.60

< 0.001

CACS

138 (13, 601)

209 (30, 800)

53 (1, 280)

< 0.001

CACS, n (%)

< 0.001

 0

121 (13.7)

62 (10.0)

59 (22.4)

 

 1–99

278 (31.5)

182 (29.4)

96 (36.5)

 

 100–399

188 (21.3)

135 (21.8)

53 (20.2)

 

 > 400

296 (33.5)

241 (38.9)

55 (20.9)

 

LVEF at rest (%)

66 ± 8

64 ± 8

72 ± 7

< 0.001

LVEF at stress (%)

72 ± 8

69 ± 8

78 ± 7

< 0.001

LVEF-reserve

5 ± 4

5 ± 4

5 ± 4

0.70

RPP at rest

9,409 ± 1,968

9,316 ± 1,944

9,629 ± 2,011

0.027

RPP at stress

10,897 ± 2,439

10,572 ± 2,377

11,676 ± 2,413

< 0.001

LVEF from echocardiogram

55 ± 6

54 ± 7

57 ± 5

< 0.001

GLS from echocardiogram

16.3 ± 2.7

16.0 ± 2.8

17.0 ± 2.2

< 0.001

Reversible perfusion defect (≥ 5%), n (%)

239 (26.5)

193 (30.4)

46 (17.3)

< 0.001

Eversible perfusion defect, (extent %)*

7.0 (5.0, 11.0)

7.0 (5.0, 11.0)

7.0 (5.0, 9.8)

0.60

Irreversible perfusion defect (≥ 5%), n (%)

19 (2.1)

17 (2.7)

2 (0.8)

0.067

Irreversible perfusion defect (extent %)

6.0 (5.0, 8.0)

6.0 (5.0, 8.0)

5.5 (5.3, 5.8)

0.50

  1. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, median (interquartile range) or number (%) as appropriate. MFR: Myocardial flow reserve, MBF: Myocardial blood flow, CACS: Coronary artery calcium score, LVEF: Left ventricular ejection fraction, RPP Rate pressure product. Significant P-values are highlighted in bold
  2. *Calculated among the participants with a reversible perfusion defect
  3. Calculated among the participants with an irreversible perfusion defect