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Table 2 Associations of blood cd levels with all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality

From: Oxidative stress and inflammation mediate the adverse effects of cadmium exposure on all-cause and cause-specific mortality in patients with diabetes and prediabetes

 

Blood Cadmium Levelsa, HR (95% CI)

P for trendb

Per ln-unit increasec

Quantile 1

Quantile 2

Quantile 3

Quantile 4

All-cause mortality, No.

202 / 3,002

781 / 5,127

1,099 / 4,515

1,480 / 5,043

  

Partially adjustedd

1.00 (Ref.)

1.38 (1.09, 1.74)

1.85 (1.49, 2.30)

2.79 (2.22, 3.49)

< 0.001

1.57 (1.49, 1.67)

Fully adjustede

1.00 (Ref.)

1.36 (1.10, 1.69)

1.75 (1.42, 2.15)

2.17 (1.69, 2.79)

< 0.001

1.45 (1.32, 1.59)

CVD mortality, No.

71 / 3,002

270 / 5,127

384 / 4,515

489 / 5,043

  

Partially adjusted

1.00 (Ref.)

1.27 (0.91, 1.78)

1.55 (1.10, 2.17)

2.31 (1.67, 3.19)

< 0.001

1.46 (1.33, 1.60)

Fully adjusted

1.00 (Ref.)

1.31 (0.93, 1.85)

1.57 (1.11, 2.21)

2.06 (1.41, 3.02)

< 0.001

1.43 (1.25, 1.64)

Cancer mortality, No.

35 / 3,002

144 / 5,127

197 / 4,515

304 / 5,043

  

Partially adjusted

1.00 (Ref.)

1.57 (0.99, 2.49)

2.18 (1.40, 3.39)

3.59 (2.31, 5.59)

< 0.001

1.79 (1.60, 2.00)

Fully adjusted

1.00 (Ref.)

1.45 (0.91, 2.31)

1.82 (1.17, 2.81)

2.38 (1.47, 3.85)

< 0.001

1.60 (1.36, 1.88)

  1. CVD mortality, Cardiovascular disease mortality; HR, Hazard ratio
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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840