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Fig. 3 | Cardiovascular Diabetology

Fig. 3

From: Evaluating sex-specific responses to western diet across the lifespan: impact on cardiac function and transcriptomic signatures in C57BL/6J mice at 530 and 640/750 days of age

Fig. 3

Gene expression analyses in LV tissue from male and female mice at 750/640 day fed with normal versus western diet. Gene expression was assessed for: A Cardiac fibrosis markers: Tgfβ1 (transforming growth factor beta 1), Col1a1 (type I fibrillar collagen), and Col3a1 (type III fibrillar collagen). B Calcium handling proteins: Ncx (cardiac sodium-calcium exchanger) and Serca2a (Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca2⁺ ATPase). C Inflammation markers: TNFα (tumor necrosis factor alpha) and MCP1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1). D Cardiac remodeling enzymes: Mmp9 (matrix metalloproteinase-9), Gals3 (galectin 3), and βMhc (cardiac beta myosin heavy chain). E) Hemodynamic stress hormones: Anp (atrial natriuretic peptide) and Bnp (brain natriuretic peptide). Expression levels were normalized to GAPDH. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Each dot represents an individual mouse, with n = 5 animals per diet group. Statistical significance was assessed using an unpaired t-test, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001

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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840