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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study cohort

From: Interdependence between myocardial deformation and perfusion in patients with T2DM and HFpEF: a feature-tracking and stress perfusion CMR study

 

Control n = 50

T2DM–non-HFpEF n = 82

T2DM–HFpEF n = 74

P-value

Demographics

 Age, years

59.70 ± 9.73

58.05 ± 9.42

61.00 ± 9.73

0.160

 Male, n (%)

22 (44.0%)

42 (41.2%)

36 (35.3%)

0.922

 BMI, kg/m2

26.17 (23.05,27.68)

24.22 (22.36,26.41)

24.97 (21.82,26.71)

0.058

 BSA, m2

1.79 ± 0.18

1.80 ± 0.17

1.75 ± 0.20

0.320

 HR, bpm

65.04 ± 10.68

76.09 ± 10.12*

75.19 ± 13.52*

 < 0.001#

 TyG-BMI

9.20 (8.92,11.69)

14.95 (12.38,15.74)*

15.88 (12.56,17.43)*

 < 0.001#

 Fib-4

0.55 (0.53,0.76)

0.72 (0.66,1.00)*

1.30 (1.00,1.46)*&

 < 0.001#

Laboratory test

 FBG, mmol/L

5.22 ± 0.19

6.88 ± 1.28*

7.03 ± 1.84*

 < 0.001#

 HbA1c, %

5.73 ± 0.20

6.65 ± 0.70*

7.18 ± 0.93*&

 < 0.001#

 BNP, pg/mL

22.00 (16.38,30.50)

35.00 (27.88,43.50)*

139.00 (77.50,191.50)*&

 < 0.001#

 proBNP, ng/L

65.25 (48.38,123.50)

155.00 (135.00,211.00)*

372.00 (290.50,492.00)*&

0.007#

 Scr, μmol/L

67.66 ± 8.43

71.48 ± 14.46

67.96 ± 12.90

0.132

 UA, μmol/L

325.77 ± 73.36

402.32 ± 53.81*

232.62 ± 110.61*&

 < 0.001#

 TC, mmol/L

3.18 (3.17,4.72)

3.44 (3.40,3.93)*

4.03(3.53,4.73)*&

 < 0.001#

 TG, mmol/L

0.96 (0.93,1.23)

1.47 (0.96,1.84)*

1.30 (0.96,2.89)*

 < 0.001#

 HDL, mmol/L

1.47 (1.37,1.56)

1.25 (1.09,1.32)*

1.23 (1.07,1.40)*

 < 0.001#

 LDL, mmol/L

1.83 ± 0.65

2.39 ± 0.63*

2.21 ± 0.50*

 < 0.001#

Echocardiography

 LVEF, %

62.54 ± 2.13

63.50 ± 1.44*

61.38 ± 2.62*&

 < 0.001#

 RWT, ratio

0.30 ± 0.03

0.35 ± 0.04*

0.36 ± 0.05*

 < 0.001#

 Mean E/e′, ratio

8.78 ± 0.90

8.50 ± 0.93

11.63 ± 2.54*&

 < 0.001#

 LVMI, g/m2

58.50 (48.61,59.95)

50.18 (44.43,50.22)

44.85 (42.68,54.19)*

0.004#

 LAVI, mL/m2

15.64 (14.2,15.90)

16.32 (10.90,18.39)

17.14 (14.32,26.89)*&

0.002#

Medical history

 Hypertension duration, years

0.17(0.04,0.50)

8.00 (0.00,12.00)*

10.00 (2.00,20.00)*&

 < 0.001#

 Diabetes duration, years

–

9.24 ± 4.20*

12.23 ± 7.79*&

 < 0.001#

  1. Data are presented as the mean ± SD, n (%) or median (IQR). Dash (−) indicates not applicable
  2. HFpEF Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, BMI body mass index, BSA body surface area, HR heart rate, TyG-BMI triglyceride glucose-body mass index, Fib-4 Fibrosis-4 index, FBG fasting blood glucose, HbA1c glycosylated hemoglobin, BNP B-type natriuretic peptide, proBNP, pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, Scr serum creatinine, UA uric acid, TC total cholesterol, TG total triglyceride, HDL high-density lipoprotein, LDL low-density lipoprotein, RWT relative wall thickness, \( {E \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {E {e^{\prime}}}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {e^{\prime}}} \) early filling velocity on transmitral Doppler/early relaxation velocity on tissue Doppler, LVMI left ventricular mass index, LAVI left atrial volume index
  3. *p < 0.05 vs. control group; &p < 0.05 vs. T2DM–non-HFpEF; #p < 0.05
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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840