Fig. 6

EMPA inhibits IFN-γ-induced cardiomyocyte senescence by blocking STAT1 activation. H9C2 cells were pretreated with 1 µM EMPA and then treated with 50 µM IFN-γ. A Representative images of SA-β-gal staining (top), EdU staining (middle) and DCFH-DA staining (bottom); B Quantification of SA-β-gal-positive cells, n = 4; C Quantification of proliferating cells, n = 4; D Quantification of ROS levels in H9C2 cells, n = 5; E mRNA expression of p16 and p21 in H9C2 cells, n = 3; F–H Immunoblot analysis and quantification of p-STAT1, t-STAT1 and γ-H2AX in H9C2 cells, n = 3. I, J Representative images and quantification of anti-STAT1 staining under the indicated conditions, n = 3. Scale bar: 20 μm. All the data are shown as the means ± SEM; one or two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni correction was used for comparisons; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01